For example, an adverbial participle is a participle that functions like an adverb in a sentence. adverb A word like very, wickedly or often that usually serves to modify an adjective, verb, or other adverb. adjective A word like big or childish that usually serves to modify a noun. Wikipedia ) acute accent A diacritic mark ( ´ ) used that can be placed above a number of letters in many languages of the Latin, Greek and Cyrillic writing systems. active voice The voice verb form in which the grammatical subject is the person or thing doing the action ( cf. acronym An abbreviation that is pronounced as the “word” it would spell, such as NATO. For example, if English had a fully productive case system, then ball in "The man threw the ball" would most likely be in the accusative. A case that is usually used as the direct object of a verb. Abstract verbs are always imperfective in aspect, even with prefixes that are normally associated with the perfective aspect (e.g. Idę do biura 'I am going to the office (now).') or moving without target ( Chodzę po pokoju 'I am walking around the room.' vs. In Polish coming back does not cause abstract verbs to be used, only doing something many times ( Chodzę do biura. unidirectional), and different Russian verbs would be used to translate "went" in these two circumstances. multidirectional) or concrete (if I am there now, i.e. For example, "I went to the post office" could be abstract (if I went there and came back, i.e. Motion verbs in the Slavic languages come in abstract/concrete lexical pairs, e.g. The opposite type of verb, which expresses a single, completed action, is termed a concrete verb (or a determinate verb). abstract verb In the Slavic languages, a verb of motion whose motion is multidirectional (as opposed to unidirectional) or indirect, or whose action is repeated or in a series ( iterative). abstract noun A noun that denotes an idea, emotion, feeling, quality or other abstract or intangible concept, as opposed to a concrete item, or a physical object. Wikipedia ) absolutive case A case used to indicate the patient or experiencer of a verb's action. (More at Indo-European ablaut on Wikipedia. A specific form of ablaut is referred to as a grade see for instance zero-grade. In the Germanic languages, it forms the basis of the strong verbs. The system is used for purposes of inflection and word derivation. ablaut In Proto-Indo-European, or any of its descendants (the Indo-European languages), a system of vowel alternation in which the vowels that are used in various parts of the word can change depending on meaning. In some languages, such as Latin, this case has acquired many other uses and does not strictly indicate separation anymore. For example, if English had a fully productive case system that included the ablative case, then in the phrase came from the city, either "the city" or "from the city" would likely be in the ablative. It is used alone or with certain prepositions. ablative case A case that indicates separation, or moving away from something. abbreviation A shortened form of a word or phrase, such as an initialism, acronym, or clipping. 1924" is a quotation from no later than the year 1923. † In a Chinese entry, a dagger indicates that a sense is obsolete in Modern Standard Chinese, though it may be preserved in fossilized compounds and expressions or other varieties of Chinese. Brackets surrounding a quotation indicate that the quotation either contains a mere mention of a term (for example, "some people find the word manoeuvre hard to spell") rather than an actual use of it (for example, "we need to manoeuvre carefully to avoid causing upset"), or does not provide an actual instance of a term but provides information about a related term. Symbols * An asterisk appearing before a term (an affix, a root, a word, etc.), indicates the term is not attested but reconstructed for example, *werdʰh₁om is the reconstructed Proto-Indo-European word for word. See also Wiktionary:Glossary, which contains terms used elsewhere in the Wiktionary community, and Appendix:Glossary of rhetoric, which explains commonly used rhetorical terms.Ġ–9 A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y ZĠ–9 1st person See first person. A glossary of terms used in the body of this dictionary.
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